V1 binding
V1 binding (paperback) is the most common and cheapest type of binding. Individual book components are inserted into each other, then into the cover, and the booklets are bound together at the spine with a wire staple. V1 is limited by the number of pages, with a maximum of approximately 60 sheets – 120 pages with a weight of up to 70 g/m².
V2 binding
V2 binding consists of individual sheets or folders stacked one behind the other, glued together at the spine and inserted into a cover. After gluing, it is trimmed on three sides to a clean format.
V3 binding
V3 binding is similar to V2 binding, but is stapled with wire staples at the top of the spine. The cover can be stapled together with the book block, or the book block can be stapled separately and then glued into the cover. Finally, it is trimmed on three sides to a clean format. The maximum number of pages is limited by the capabilities of the specific machine used to produce V3 binding. It is difficult to open.
V4 binding
V4 binding is similar to V2 binding, but technologically similar to V8 binding. It is a binding sewn with thread from components stacked one behind the other. The block is then glued and hung in the cover, and finally trimmed on three sides along with the cover. It is high-quality and durable, suitable for example for large catalogs with a large number of pages.
V5 binding
V5 binding involves individual sheets or folders being stacked on top of each other, then glued together like V2 or stitched like V4 and attached to lighter cardboard covers. After trimming the front, the covers are covered with paper and then the book is trimmed at the top and bottom. This method is rarely used today.
V6 binding
The V6 binding is a fold-out book, the cardboard sheets are covered with printed coating and connected to each other with a soft cloth spine or paper, then the fold-out book block is trimmed. The fold-out book must have an odd number of sheets.
V7 binding
V7 binding: the boards are covered with paper and the spine with cloth (so-called half-cloth binding).
V8 binding
V8 binding involves covering the boards with a single material, namely cloth (known as full cloth binding). There are variants of this binding. V8a binding has a laminated cover, V8b binding has a paper dust jacket or paper cover, and V8c binding may have a different cover, such as leather.
V9 binding
V9 binding has plastic plates.